Threshold dynamics of myocardium stimulated by pacemaker elec-trodes: a physical-mathematical model. Part III: Analysis of the elec-trode-myocardium system and applications to electrode design.
Keywords:
Cardiac pacemakers, Electrode-myocardium system, Pacemaker electrodes design, Global and local excitability thresholds, Families of threshold states, Liminal regions, Cathodic make stimulation, Strength-duration curves, Concave electrodes, Clothoidal electrodeAbstract
In this third part of the series some of the results obtained in the previous papers are used to analyze the electrode-myocardium system and to discuss, in the framework of this system, the influence of the size, shape, material and texture of pacemaker electrodes on capture thresholds such as there are determined in clinical practice and used to establish safety margins in chronic cardiac pacing. Some brief indications about how the results of this analysis can be applied in pacemaker electrode design and one example is given: the clothoidal electrode.
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