Vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in domestic and wild environments of the Ayoreo Totobiegosode comunities of Alto Paraguay
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2019-24-1.218-229Keywords:
Trypanosoma cruzi, vectors, Ayoreo communitiesAbstract
Chagas disease is still endemic in the Paraguayan Chaco, damaging mainly rural or lower incomes populations, thus being the indigenous communities some of the most vulnerable populations. The objective of this work was to determine the presence of triatomine vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Chaidi and Aocojadi Ayoreo Totobiegosode indigenous communities of Alto Paraguay. The characteristics of the housings and their relationship with the vectors permanence were evaluated. The search for vectors was carried out in the intradomicile and peridomicile of the houses by installing a light trap in a wild environment contiguous to one of the communities. For searching the flagellates, the faeces of the collected triatomines were examined under an optical microscope and the xenoculture technique was performed in the positive insects. Triatomines were found and identified both in the domestic and wild environments of the Chaidi and Aocojadi, Ayoreo Totobiegosode communties of Alto Paraguay during the collection period of 2016. The triatomines identified in this study, Triatoma sordida and Triatoma guasayana, are typical of wild environments, although during certain seasons of the year they act as intrusive species invading the domestic areas. The natural infection with T. cruzi-like was detected in a specimen from the Chaidi community, without ruling out the possibility that the parasite is also circulating in Aocojadi community. This study research contributes to consider the disease exposure risk of the local population because up to the time of this study there was no information on the presence or absence of T. cruzi circulation in these communities.
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