El NIÑO/South Oscillation phenomenon (ENSO) and its impact on the rainfall regime in Paraguay in 2015
Keywords:
El Niño phenomenon, southern oscillation index, sea surface temperature, rain anomalyAbstract
El Niño / Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a natural phenomenon characterized by fluctuating temperatures in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean associated with changes in the atmosphere. This phenomenon has a great influence in the climatic conditions of diverse parts of the world, and in Paraguay the climate is seriously affected whenever this phenomenon appears. In the present work an evaluation of the impact of the El Niño phenomenon is made, using as atmospheric indicator the Southern Oscillation Index and as oceanographic indicator the surface temperature of the sea in the central and eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. The impact of the El Niño phenomenon in Paraguay is evaluated by analyzing the monthly regime of accumulated precipitation and their respective anomalies in the period from January to December 2015. From the results it is concluded that the phenomenon El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) 2015, began in the month of April and extended its development until December of 2015, next to reach its maximum intensity. The phenomenon has had a serious impact on rainfall in Paraguay, resulting in excess rainfall in 2015, especially in May, during winter, spring and particularly in December 2015.
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