Estado sanitario de perros en áreas de interfase entre animales domésticos y silvestres de la Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú, Paraguay
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32480/rscp.2019-24-1.114-125Palabras clave:
Canis lupus familiaris, zoonosis, conservación de la biodiversidad, manejo de áreas protegidasResumen
En muchos casos las áreas protegidas tienen límites difusos y sus áreas buffer constituyen áreas de interfase humano-doméstico-silvestre propicias para el movimiento de animales domésticos y salvajes y para el intercambio de patógenos. Estudiamos los perros, mascotas de dos localidades cercanas a la Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú (RNBM), Canindeyú, Paraguay, un área protegida estricta de 64.405 ha. Para esto se colectaron datos sanitaros de 47 perros de las comunidades Aché de Arroyo Bandera y Ava Guaraní de Mboi Jagua durante 2012 y 2013. Se seleccionaron estas comunidades, ya que sus perros entran a la Reserva. Los perros analizados en las comunidades adyacentes a la RNBM, si bien aparentaban un estado bueno, no reciben ningún tipo de atención veterinaria, y, por lo tanto, constituyen en su estado actual una potencial amenaza para la fauna silvestre del RNBM. Recomendamos la implementación de programas de educación ambiental y campañas de esterilización y vacunación de mascotas en asentamientos humanos en los alrededores de la RNBM.
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Referencias
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30. Wittemyer G, Elsen P, Bean WT, Burton ACO, Brashares JS. Accelerated human population growth at protected area edges. Science 2008;(321):123-125.
31. Young H, Griffin RH, Wood CL, Nunn CL. Does habitat disturbance increase infectious disease risk for primates? Ecol Lett 2013 (16):656–663.
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33. Sepúlveda MA, Singer RS, Silva-Rodríguez E, Stowhas P, Pelican K. Domestic Dogs in Rural Communities around Protected Areas: Conservation Problem or Conflict Solution? PLoS One 2014;9(1):e86152.
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37. Jorge RSP, Rocha FL, May JA. Ocorrência de patógenos em carnívoros selvagens brasileiros e suas implicações para a conservação e saùde pública. Oecol Aust. 2010;(14):686-710.
38. Curi NHDA, de Oliveira Paschoal AM, Massara RL. Factors associated with the seroprevalence of leishmaniasis in dogs living around Atlantic Forest fragments. PLoS ONE. 2014;(9):e104003.
2. Gillespie TR, Chapman CA, Greiner EC. Effects of logging on gastrointestinal parasite infections and infection risk in African primates. J Appl Ecol 2005;(42):699-707.
3. Parsons MB, Travis D, Lonsdorf EV, Lipende I, Roellig DM, Collins A, Kamenya S, Zhang H, Xiao L, Gillespie TR. Epidemiology and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium spp. in humans, wild primates, and domesticated animals in the Greater Gombe Ecosystem, Tanzania. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2015;9(2):e0003529.
4. Nunn C, Gillespie TR. Pathogens and Primate Conservation. In: Wich SA, Marshall AJ (Eds.). An Introduction to Primate Conservation. Oxford UK: Oxford University Press; 2016.
5. Faust CL, Dobson AP, Gottdenker N, Bloomfield LSP, McCallum HI, Gillespie TR, Diuk-Wasser M, Plowright RK. Null expectations for disease dynamics in shrinking habitat: dilution or amplification? PhilL Trans R Soc B 2017;372(1722).
6. Faust CL, McCallum HI, Bloomfield LSP, Gottdenker N, Gillespie TR, Torney CJ, Dobson AP, Plowright RK. Pathogen spillover during land conversion Ecol. Lett. 2018;21(4):471-483.
7. Young H, Griffin RH, Wood CL, Nunn CL. Does habitat disturbance increase infectious disease risk for primates? Ecol. Lett. 2013;16:656–663.
8. Jones K, Patel NG, Levy MA, Storeygard A, Balk D, Gittleman JL, Daszak P. Global trends in emerging infectious diseases. Nature 2008;(451):990-993.
9. Cardozo ML, Salas DS, Ferreira I, Mereles T, Rodríguez L. Soy expansion and the absent state: indigenous and peasant livelihood options in eastern Paraguay. JLAG. 2016;15(3):87-104.
10. Ley N° 112/91 Que aprueba y ratifica el convenio para establecer y conservar la Reserva Natural del Bosque del Mbaracayú y la cuenca que lo rodea del río Jejuí, suscrito entre el gobierno de la República del Paraguay, el sistema de las Naciones Unidas, The Nature Conservancy y la Fundación Moisés Bertoni para la Conservación de la Naturaleza del 27 de junio de 1991. Gaceta oficial de la República del Paraguay, del 03-01-1992.
11. Esquivel E. Mamíferos de la Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú Paraguay. Asunción: Fundación Moisés Bertoni; 2001.
12. Neris N. Guía de mamíferos medianos y grandes del Paraguay: distribución, tendencia poblacional y utilización. Asunción: SEAM/JICA; 2002.
13. Hill K, McMillan G, Fariña R. Hunting-Related Changes in Game Encounter Rates from 1994 to 2001 in the Mbaracayu Reserve, Paraguay. Conserv Biol 2003;17(5):1312-1323.
14. Morales MA. The importance of natural soil licks to wildlife and humans in subtropical Paraguay, South America. Wisconsin: University of Wisconsin, Madison; 2009.
15. Chomel BB. Emerging and re-emerging zoonoses of dogs and cats. Animals. 2014;4(3):434-445.
16. Weston MA, Fitzsimons JA, Wescott G, Miller KK, Ekanayake KB, Schneider T. Bark in the Park: A Review of Domestic Dogs in Parks. Environ Manage 2014;(54):373-382.
17. Green J, Gipson P. Feral dogs. In: Hygnstrom S, Timm R, Larson G (eds) Prevention and control of wildlife damage. Lincoln: University of Nebraska; 1994.
18. Silva-Rodríguez EA, Sieving KE. Domestic dogs shape the landscape-scale distribution of a threatened forest ungulate. Biol Conserv 2012; (150):103-110.
19. Scott JP, Fuller JL. Genetics and the Social Behaviour of the Dog. Chicago: University of Chicago Press; 1974.
20. Gompper ME. Free-Ranging Dogs and Wildlife Conservation. UK: Oxford University Press; 2013.
21. Woodroffe R, Prager KC, Munson L, Conrad PA, Dubovi EJ, Mazel JAK. Contact with domestic dogs increases pathogen exposure in endangered African wild dogs (Lycaon pictus). PLoS One 2012; 7(1), e30099.
22. Orozco MM, Bucafusco D, Argibay HD, Rinas MA, DeMatteo KE, Argüelles CF, Bratanich AC, Gürtler RE. Absence of parvovirus shedding in feces of threatened carnivores from Misiones, Argentina. J Zoo Wildlife Med. 2018;49(4): 1054–1060.
23. Beck AM. The Ecology of Stray Dogs: A Study of Free-Ranging Urban Animals. Indiana: Purdue University Press; 1973.
24. Lavigne G. Free Ranging Dogs – Stray, Feral or Wild? California: Lulu.com; 2015.
25. Young JK, Olson KA, Reading RP, Amgalanbaatar S, Berger J. Is wildlife going to the dogs? Impacts of feral and free-roaming dogs on wildlife populations. BioScience 2011;(61):125-132.
26. Rubin HD, Beck AM. Ecological behavior of free-ranging urban pet dogs. Appl Anim Ethol 1982;(8):161–168.
27. Reed SE, Merenlender AM. Effects of management of domestic dogs and recreation on carnivores in protected areas in northern California. Conserv Biol 2011;(25):504–513.
28. Dirección General de Estadística, Encuestas y Censos. II Censo Nacional Indígena de población y viviendas 2002. Asunción: DGEEC; 2002.
29. Vanak AT, Gompper ME. Dogs Canis familiaris as carnivores: their role and function in intraguild competition. Mammal Rev 2009;(39):265–283.
30. Wittemyer G, Elsen P, Bean WT, Burton ACO, Brashares JS. Accelerated human population growth at protected area edges. Science 2008;(321):123-125.
31. Young H, Griffin RH, Wood CL, Nunn CL. Does habitat disturbance increase infectious disease risk for primates? Ecol Lett 2013 (16):656–663.
32. Alexander KA, McNutt JW. Human behavior influences infectious disease emergence at the human-animal interface. Front Ecol Environ 2010; (8): 522–526.
33. Sepúlveda MA, Singer RS, Silva-Rodríguez E, Stowhas P, Pelican K. Domestic Dogs in Rural Communities around Protected Areas: Conservation Problem or Conflict Solution? PLoS One 2014;9(1):e86152.
34. Richardson DM. Fifty Years of Invasion Ecology: The Legacy of Charles Elton. In: Davis, MA. Researching Invasive Species 50 Years After Elton: A Cautionary Tale. New Jersey: Blackwell Publishing Lt.; 2011. p. 265-276.
35. Lessa I, Guimaraes TCS, de Godoy Bergallo H, Cunha A, Vierira E. Domestic dogs in protected areas: a threat to Brazilian mammals? Brazilian Journal of Nature Conservation. 2016;(14):46- 56.
36. Hughes J, Macdonald DW. A review of the interactions between free-roaming domestic dogs and wildlife. Biol Conserv. 2013;(157):341-351
37. Jorge RSP, Rocha FL, May JA. Ocorrência de patógenos em carnívoros selvagens brasileiros e suas implicações para a conservação e saùde pública. Oecol Aust. 2010;(14):686-710.
38. Curi NHDA, de Oliveira Paschoal AM, Massara RL. Factors associated with the seroprevalence of leishmaniasis in dogs living around Atlantic Forest fragments. PLoS ONE. 2014;(9):e104003.
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06.07.2019
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Estado sanitario de perros en áreas de interfase entre animales domésticos y silvestres de la Reserva Natural del Bosque Mbaracayú, Paraguay. Rev. Soc. cient. Py. [Internet]. 2019 Jul. 6 [cited 2025 Nov. 1];24(1):114-25. Available from: https://sociedadcientifica.org.py/ojs/index.php/rscpy/article/view/60
